Discovery of the cellular and molecular aspects of plant innate immunity toward biotic environmental stress factors is focused on fundamental and potential applications. Recently, the most relevant analysis of the composition of plant antimicrobial molecules was a comparison between wild and cultivated plants to identify the specific determinants that provide this resistance. These molecular determinants usually belong to a wide diversity of plant defense polypeptides whose functionalities are involved in antimicrobial and signal compounds, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, and ribosome-inactivators. In previous work, a peptidomic analysis of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg.) flowers found five highly homologous hydroxyproline/proline-rich glycopeptides. These close-specifically antifungal molecules were isolated and purified from the plant tissue. Further work showed that this action is stipulated by the hyphal inhibition of “colored” or “pigment-generating” fungi (Aspergillus, Bipolaris, Alternaria), which are found in large quantities in the pigment melanin. These peptides were found to effectively bind (more than 55%-65%) with the primary polymers generated by the fungal cell wall architecture (chitin, high and low-molecular weight chitosan, and beta-1,3-glucan). These procedures were performed in vitro by the “butch-method” after which reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify the unbound peptides. These results represent a significant investment in studies of the molecular aspects of the antimicrobial action of this novel class of plant glycopeptides.