Local elevation of extracellular heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) concentration is an attribute of the acute phase of inflammation of different origins, particularly, allergic airway inflammation. The effects and the mechanisms of HSP70-mediated effects in allergic airway inflammation are still not completely understood. In this book chapter, we summarize the data regarding the effects of HSP70 on immune cells in the course of allergic airway inflammation. We discuss the role of ATPase and chaperone activity in the regulation of immune responses that cause inflammation resolution.Our rationale is based on in vivo studies to assess Hsp70 effects in the allergic airway inflammation mouse models and in vitro experiments tested direct Hsp70 impact on activated neutrophils yielded from the bone marrow of intact mice.Here we provide the data regarding the implication of HSP70 in the allergic airway inflammation. In addition to the role of endogenous HSP70 in this immune process, we discuss some effects of allergens belonging to the HSP70 family that can induce a cross-reactive humoral response to self HSP70. Chaperone properties of the proteins support the hypothesis of the anti-inflammatory activities of HSP70. Indeed, the suppressive activity of HSP70 was reported for inflammatory processes in the respiratory tract. We provide the data indicating possible and established mechanisms of HSP70 effects on immune cells in the course of allergic airway inflammation.In this book chapter, we demonstrated the implication of HSP70 in the allergic airway inflammation. We also discussed the role of ATPase and chaperone activity of HSP70 in the regulation of immune responses that cause inflammation resolution.