The peptide Palm2135-159, a dipalmitoyl derivative of the 135-159 fragment of VP1protein of the foot-and-mouth disease virus strain A22was synthesized. In the experiments on mice, guinea pigs and sheep Palm2135-159 possesses greater immunogenic and protective activity than the nonacylated 135-159 peptide. The synthetic vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease for use in sheep was developed on the basis of the lipopepticie. Synthetic polymethylsiloxane oil was found to be a suitable adjuvant for this vaccine. The dependencies of protective and immunogenic effects from the dose of peptide were studied. The vaccine was found to be stable to storage for 1 year at 18°C. It was shown that the synthetic vaccine provides I year protection of sheep against foot-and-mouth disease after a single administration. The vaccine is allowed for veterinary use in Russia.